Brush



NOV. 23, 1948, R, s, E|SNER ET AL 2,454,553

ST5-12 ATTORNEYS NOV. 23, 1948.` R, s, E|sNER ET AL 2,454,553

BRUSH Filed May 51, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 23,1948 BRUSH Robert S. Eisner, Red Bank, N. J., and Daniel Schoenholz, NewYork, N. Y.; lsaid Schoenholz assignor to said Eisner Application May31, 1947, Serial No. l151,538

This invention relates to brushes for applying coating materials, suchas paint, and supplied with the coating fluid under pressure from areservoir. More particularly, the invention is concerned with a novelbrush of the force feed type, which includes means for distributing theiluid to the working lengths of the bristles, such means retaining thefluid and preventing it from escaping from the sides of the brush, whenthe latter is used for painting vertical walls or ceilings.

Force feed brushes, such as that disclosed in Eisner Patent 2,388,605,issued November 6, 1945, perform excellently, when used for applying acoating material to an object laid at, so that the brush is held withits bristles pointing generally downwardly in use. Under suchconditions, the coating uid supplied through the base to the bristlestravels downwardly among the bristles to the ends and there is littletendency for the fluid to escape from the side of the body of bristlesand drip on'the object being coated. If the patented brush is heldhorizontal in use,

or with its bristles higher than the handle, the

iluid issuing through the-base of the brush will not travel to the outerportions of the bristles but will escape laterally and the escape of thefluid in this manner is more pronounced in the case of wide flat brusheswith relatively long bristles, such as are commonly used for paintingflat surfaces. In such a brush, the bristles, when wet, tend to clingtogether in such manner as to leave a cavity in the middle of the massof bristles and that intensities the problem of conducting the iluid tothe portions of the bristles that come in contact with the surface to becoated, while preventing leakage of the uid from the sides of the brush.

In the new brush, the problems above mentioned are overcome by theprovision of fluid distributing means, which lie among the bristles anddischarge iluid to the bristles near their working portions. The brushincludes a base having a passage, to which the iluid may be suppliedunder pressure, through a valve-controlled passage in the handle. Thebristles are mounted at one end in the base and the passage has anoutlet among the bristles. Flexible conduit means attached to the baselead from the outlet among the bristles toward the free ends of thelatter and are connected to distributing means, also lying among thebristles. Such distributing means may include a chamber receiving fluidfrom the conduit means and having a. plurality of orices for dischargingthe fluid toward the 8 Claims. (Cl. 15-128) free ends of the bristles.The chamber is further provided with a porous, flexible body, such as abody of short bristles or a sponge or the like extending from thechamber to the ends of the long bristles mounted in the base, which liesamong the long bristles and extends to the end thereof. Suchdistributing means thus discharge the fluid close to the working lengthsof the long bristles and the short bristles or porous material lls upthe cavity that would otherwise result from the presence of the chambersupported within the group of long bristles.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional viewon the line I-I of Fig. 2 of one form of the new brush;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view, with parts broken away, of a modified form of thenew brush; and

Fig. 4 is a plan view, with parts broken away, of another modiiied formof the brush.

The brush shown in Fig. 1 is of the wide flat type commonly used forpainting fiat surfaces, such as walls or ceilings, and it includes abase I0 of suitable material, in which there is a passage Il extendinglengthwise of the base. The passage has an inlet I2 through one wall ofthe base and two outlets I3 leading from the ends of the passage throughthe opposite wall. Long bristles Il are embedded at one end in the Wallof the base through which the outlets open. Flexible conduit means lieamong the bristles and, in the construction illustrated, such meansinclude two flexible tubes I5, I6 made of synthetic rubber or otheroil-resistant material. The tubes are connected to the base at theoutlets by -being telescoped over short lengths I1, I8 of, metal tubingwhich are inserted in the outlets and held in place by pins I9 threadedinto the base to engage the tubing.

A thin, flat chamber 20 is attached to the outer ends of the tubes I5,I6 and it is provided with a lengthwise passage 2| and a plurality ofoutletorices 22 in its wall facing away from the base I0. The orices areof a small diameter,

such as about 1 mm. The coating material, such as paint, is suppliedunder pressure to the passage Il in the base and flows through the tubesI5, I6 to the passage 2l, in the chamber and then escapes through theorifices 22. The chamber 20 lies inwardly from the free ends of thebristles atabout the line along which the.l bristles are iiexed, whenthe brush is used in the normal manner, and a plurality cf shortbristles 23 are embedded in the outer wall of the chamber around theorifices 22. Bristles 23 serve as distributing means and fill up thecavity among the long bristles that would be caused by the presence ofthe chamber and by the tendency of the long bristles to cling togetherwhen Wet.

The brush is provided with a handle 24 formed with a passage 25 and thehandle is provided with a coupling member 26,v which is threaded intoone end of the handle and has a passage aligned with passage 25. Theouter end of the inlet I2 through the base is enlarged to receive theend of the coupling member and the base has an externally threadedflange 21 around the inlet opening. The handle is held in place againstthe base by a collar 28, which ls mounted -to encircle the coupling andmay be threaded on flange 21. When the collar is drawn tight on theflange, it acts on a circumferential shoulder on the coupling to forcethe latter against a seat in the base. Preferably, a gasket 29 isinterposed between the collar and the shoulder on the coupling. Thehandle is cut away at the end carrying the coupling member to permitaccess to the collar 28 and, at that end. the handle carries aligningpins 30, which are receivable into recesses in the base.

The handle is formed at its free end with a threaded section 3|, bywhich a length of tubing 32 may be connected to the handle. The tubingleads to a reservoir, in which the coating fluid is maintained underpressure. The flow of fluid from the reservoirv through the handle tothe brush -is controlled by a valve mounted in a passage 33 through thehandle. The valve includes a body 34 and a stem 35 which extends throughthe body and has a head 36, which may lbear against a seat formed in thebody to cut off flow .through passage 31 through the body. The stem hasa button 38 at its outer end and a spring 39 encircling the stem acts onthe button to hold the valve normally closed. The valve body 34 is heldin passage 33 between a pair of discs 40, 4| threaded into the passage.

In the use of the new brush, coating fluid supplied under pressure fromthe reservoir is admitted under the control of the valve in the handleto the passage I through the base of the brush and flows through tubesI5, I6 tothe passage 2l in the chamber 20. The fluid escapes through theorifices 22 among the short bristles 23 and, as these bristles areflexed with the long bristles in the ordinary use of the brush, thefluid saturates the working lengths of the long bristles and istransferred therefrom to the surface to be coated.

The distributing means thus delivers the fluid to these portions of thelong bristles, by which it is to be applied to the surface, and theshort bristles lll up the cavity that would otherwise be formed when thelong bristles become wet. No fluid is deliveredto the lengths of thelong bristles which lle adjacent the base and are flexed little, if any,during the use of the brush. The result is that there is little or notendency of the fluid to escape laterally through the bristles of thenew brush,

when the brush is held in horizontal position or with the bristleshigher than the handle.

The construction shown in Fig. 1 is that used for a brush four or moreinches wide and having bristles of about six inches or more in length.For narrower brushes used for painting moldings and other trim, theconstruction shown in Fig. 3 may be employed. The Fig. 3 brush includesa base 42 having a central passage 43 therethrough, and the base isattached to a handle 44 by means of a coupling 45 and a collar 46, as inthe Fig. 1 construction. Bristles 41 are embedded in the base around theoutlet from passage 43 and a length 48 of flexible tube is attached tothe base in communication with passage 43 by being telescoped over ashort length of metallic tubing 49 mounted within the outlet end ofpassage 43. At its outer end, the tube 48 is attached 'to a chamber 50having a passage 5|, from which lead a plurality of small outletorifices 52. Short bristles 53 are embedded in the wall of the chamberaround the orifices and extend outwardly to the ends of bristles 41. Thechamber lies at about the inner end of the working portions of bristles41, that is, at about the place where bristles 41 are flexed during theuse of the brush. The short bristles 53 fill the cavity within the maingroup of bristles that would otherwise be caused by the presence of thechamber 50, and the bristles also serve to distribute the fluid issuingfrom orifices 52 to all parts of the working bristles.

The brush shown in Fig. 4 is generally similar to that shown in Fig. 1,except that th bristles 23 in the Fig. 1 brush, are replaced by a member54 of porous material, which is attached to the outer wall of chamber 55to cover the small discharge orifices 56 from the chamber. The member 54is preferably a piece of sponge made of synthetic rubber or otherymaterial that is oil-resistant.

In all forms of the new brush, the provision of the distributing meansamong the bristles does not interfere with the ordinary flexing of thebristles, because the' tubes I5, I6, and 48 are ilexible. The coatingmaterial is not discharged at the roots of the bristles as in priorconstructions, but is delivered close to the portions of the bristles,by which .the material is actually applied. The short bristles 23, 53first receive the coating material and they intermesh with the longbristles in such fashion that there is little or no free space in whichthe coating material can collect and from which it may escape laterally.Because of this intermeshing action, the use of the short bristles aspart of rthe distributing means is preferred, although a brush in whichthe porous material is employed works better than prior brushes of theforce feed type without distributing means.

We claim:

1. In a fountain, liquid-applying brush', the combination of a base, abody of bristles mounted at one end on the base and having the bristlesthereof extending from the base in a generally parallel group, a passagethrough the base through which liquid may pass, said passage having anoutlet within the body of bristles, an elongated chamber within saidbody of bristles, said chamber extending transversely of said body ofbristles inwardly of the free end thereof, the chamber having aplurality of outlets ln the wall thereof toward the outer ends of saidbody of bristles, a relatively wide, thin body of bristles mounted atone end on the chamber abo t the outlets therefrom, the bristles of saidthin b y of bristles extending parallel to and substanti y to the freeends of the bristles mounted on the base, the two bodies of bristlestogether constituting the liquid-applying means of th'e brush, andflexible conduit means connecting the outlet from the passage in thebase to the chamber, whereby liquid passed through the passage in thebase will be conducted by said flexible conduit means to the chamber andpass outwardly therefrom into the body of bristles mounted on thechamber and toward the free ends of both bodies of bristles.

2. In a fountain, liquid-applying brush, the combination of a. base, abody of bristles mounted at one end on the base and having the bristlesthereof extending from the base in a generally parallel group, a passagethrough the base through which liquid invay pass, said passage having anoutlet within the body of bristles, a. chamber within said body ofbristles, the chamber having a plurality of outlets in` the wall thereoftoward the outer ends of the body of bristles, a relatively wide, thinbody of bristles mounted at one end on the wall of the chamber aboutsaid outlets, the last-named body of bristles generally conforming inshape to the shape of the body of bristles mounted on the base, thebristles of said thin body of bristles extending parallel to andsubstantially to the free ends of the bristles mounted on the base, thetwo bodies of bristles together constituting the liquid-applying meansof the brush, and flexible conduit means connecting the outlet from thepassage in the base to the chamber, whereby liquid passed through thepassage in the base will be conducted by said flexible conduit means tothe chamber and pass outwardly therefrom into the body of bristlesattached to the chamber and toward the free ends of both bodies ofbristles.

3. In a fountain, liquid-applying brush, the combination of a base, abody of bristles mounted at one end on the base and having the bristlesthereof extending from the base in a generally parallel group, a passagethrough the base through which liquid may pass, said passage having anoutlet within the body of bristles, an elongated chamber within saidbody of bristles, the chamber extending transversely of said body ofbristles inwardly of the free end thereof, the chamber having aplurality of outlets in the wall thereof toward the outer ends of saidbody of bristles, a relatively wide, thin, porous, flexible body mountedon the wall of the chamber about said outlets and extending therefromoutwardly conduit means to the chamber and pass outwardly therefrom intosaid porous flexible body and toward the free ends of said body and thebristles.

4. In a fountain, liquid-applying brush, the combination of a base, abody of bristles mounted at one end on the base and having the bristlesthereof extending from the base in a generally parallel group, a passagethrough the base through which liquid may pass, Said passage having apair of outlets within said body of bristles, a chamber within said bodyof bristles, said chamber extending transversely of said body ofbristles inwardly of the free end thereof, said chamber h'aving aplurality of outlets in the wall thereof toward the outer ends of thebristles, and a relatively wide, thin body of bristles mounted on thechamber about said outlets, the bristles of said last-named body ofbristles extending parallel to and substantially to the free ends of thebristles mounted on the base, said two bodies of bristles togetherconstituting the liquid-applying means of the brush', and a pair offlexible conduit means connecting the outlets from the passage in thebase to the chamber, one adjacent each end thereof, whereby liquidpassed through the passage in th'e base will be conducted through saidflexible conduit means to the chamber and pass outwardly therefrom intothe body of bristles attached to the chamber and toward the free ends ofboth bodies of bristles.

5. In a fountain, liquid-applying brush, the combination of a base, amain body of bristles mounted at one end of the base and having thebristles thereof extending from the base in a generally paralleldirection, a passage in the base through which liquid may pass, saidpassage having an outlet within the body of bristles, a relatively wide,thin distributing brush within'said main body of bristles, thedistributing brush including a base having a passage therein throughwhich liquid may pass and a plurality of outlet orifices openingtherefrom and a body of bristles mounted at one end on the'base of thedistribut ing brush and generally conforming in shape to the shape ofsaid main body of bristles, the bristles of the distributing brushextending substantially parallel to and substantially to the free endsof the bristles of said main body of bristles, said two bodies ofbristles together constituting the fluidapplying means of the brush, andilexible conduit means connected to the outlet from the passage in thefirst-named base and connected to the base ofthe distributing brush andthe passage therein, whereby liquid passing through the passage in thefirst-named base will .be conducted by said flexible conduit means tothe passage in the base of the distributing brush and pass outwardlytherefrom into the body of bristles attached to the base of thedistributing brush and toward the free ends of both bodies of bristles.

6. In a. fountain, liquid-applying brush, the combination of a base, amain body of bristles mounted at one end on the base and having thebristles thereof extending from the base in a generally paralleldirection, a passage in the base through which liquid may pass, saidpassage having an outlet within the body of bristles, a relativelywide,thin distributing brush within said main body of bristles, thedistributing brush including a base having a passage therein throughwhich liquid may pass and a plurality of outlet orifices openingtherefrom and a body of bristles mounted at one end on the base of thedistributing brush and generally conforming in shape to the shape ofsaid main body of bristles, the bristles of the distributing brushextending su-bstantially parallel to and substantially to the free endsof the bristles of said main body of bristles, said two bodies ofbristles together constituting the fluid-applying means of the brush,flexible conduit means connected to the outlet from the passage in thefirst-named base and connected to the base of the distributing brush andthe passage therein, whereby liquid passing through the passage in thefirst-named base will be conducted by said flexible conduit means to thepassage in the base of the distributing brush and pass outwardlytherefrom into the body of bristles attached to the base of thedistributing brush and toward the free ends of both bodies of bristles,a handle attached to the first-named base having a. passage therethroughcommunicating with the passage in said base, and valve means forcontrolling the iiow of liquid through the passage in said handle.

7. In a fountain, liquid-applying brush, the combination of a basehaving a passage with an inlet thereto at one side of the base and anoutlet therefrom at the other side of the base,'a body of bristlesmounted at one end on the base, the bristles of said body extendingoutwardly and generally parallel from the side of the base having theoutlet. a handle attached to the base having a passage extendingtherethrough communicating with said inlet, valve means for controllingthe ilow of liquid through said passage, an elongated chamber withinsaidbody of bristles and inwardly of the free end thereof, the chamberhaving a plurality of outlets in the wall thereof toward the outer endsof the bristles, and a relatively wide, thin body of bristles mounted onthe wall of the chamber and about the outlets therefrom, said last-namedbody of lbristles generally conforming in shape to the shape of the bodyof bristles mounted on the base, the bristles of said last-named body ofbristles extending parallel to and substantially to the ends of thebristles of said first-named body of bristles, said two bodies ofbristles together constituting the liquid-applying means of the brush,and a. flexible conduit attached to the base and extending from saidoutlet among the bristles and connected to said chamber, whereby liquidpassed through the handle and the passage in the base will be conductedby said flexible conduit to said chamber and pass outwardly therefrominto the body of bristles mounted on the chamber and toward the freeends of both bodies of bristles.

8. In a fountain, liquid-applying brush, the combination of a base, abody of bristles mounted at one end on the base and having the bristlesthereof extending from the base in a generally parallel group, a passagethrough the base through which liquid may pass, said passage having anoutlet within the body of bristles, an elongated chamber within saidbody of bristles, the chamber extending transversely of said body ofbristles inwardly of the free end thereof, the chamber having aplurality of outlets in the wall thereof toward the outer free end ofsaid body of bristles, a, sponge mounted on the wall of the chamberabout said outlets and extending therefrom outwardly toward andsubstantially to the end of the body of bristles, said sponge generallyconforming in shape to the shape of the body\of bristles, the body ofbristles and the sponge to gether constituting the liquid-applying meansof the brush, and exible conduit means con,- necting the outlet from thepassage in the base to the chamber, whereby liquid passed through thepipe in the base will be conducted by said eXible conduit means to thechamber and pass outwardly therefrom into the sponge and toward the freeends of the sponge and the bristles.

ROBERT S. EISNER. DANIEL SCHOENHOLZ.

e REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number- Name Date 1,342,211 Hainsey June 1, 19201,904,940 Beisser Apr. 18, 1933 2,041,173 Fairchild May 19, 19362,127,000 Mitchell Aug. 16, 1938 2,190,599 Jones Feb. 13, 1940

